A randomised double-blind clinical trial of two yellow fever vaccines prepared with substrains 17DD and 17D-213/77 in children nine-23 months old

This randomised, double-blind, multicentre study with children nine-23 months old evaluated the immunogenicity of yellow fever (YF) vaccines prepared with substrains 17DD and 17D-213/77. YF antibodies were tittered before and 30 or more days after vaccination. Seropositivity and seroconversion were analysed according to the maternal serological status and the collaborating centre. A total of 1,966 children were randomised in the municipalities of the states of Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais and São Paulo and blood samples were collected from 1,714 mothers. Seropositivity was observed in 78.6% of mothers and 8.9% of children before vaccination. After vaccination, seropositivity rates of 81.9% and 83.2%, seroconversion rates of 84.8% and 85.8% and rates of a four-fold increase over the pre-vaccination titre of 77.6% and 81.8% were observed in the 17D-213/77 and 17DD subgroups, respectively. There was no association with maternal immunity. Among children aged 12 months or older, the seroconversion rates of 69% were associated with concomitant vaccination against measles, mumps and rubella. The data were not conclusive regarding the interference of maternal immunity in the immune response to the YF vaccine, but they suggest interference from other vaccines. The failures in seroconversion after vaccination support the recommendation of a booster dose in children within 10 years of the first dose.

Logistic regression for social-economic and cultural factors affecting diarrhea diseases in children under two years Egypt

In this study the problem of relating a qualitative dependent variable to one or more independent variable which may or may not be qualitative. This problem has its multivariate analogous as well, when the dependent and independent variables are related by a logistic function, the model is often referred to as a logistic regression. A step-up [forward] selection procedure from the set of the independent variables, involving all the 63 variables in the data set were carried out. The forward selection procedure begins by fitting the intercept. It then solves each of the models with only one independent variable. A linear logistic regression [LLR] models were fitted for the response variable Y, is 0 for a child having diarrhea disease and 1 for a child having no diarrhea using the selected subset of variables obtained from the set-up procedure for Daqahlia and Sohag Governorates together based on 1020 observations, for Daqahlia Governorate based on 660 observations, for Sohag Governorate based on 330 observations

Investigacion de creencias comunes sobre cinco enfermedades en el altiplano boliviano: un ejemplo Carabuco / Common believes research about five deseases in the bolivian altiplano: Carabuco, an example

Una investigacion etnografica realizada con grupos focales aymaras en el Altiplano Norte boliviano, Provincia Camacho, sobre creencias y costumbres relacionadas con enfermedades relevantes a la mortalidad evitable: Diarrea en niños y adultos, Neumonia, Tuberculosis, Sepsis puerperal. Comparacion de terminos aymaras con terminos tecnicos castellanos en cuanto a la etiologia, semiologia prevencion y tratamiento de entidades nosologicas percibidas por la poblacion. Recomendaciones concretas de traduccion del castellano al aymara requeridas en la educacion para la salud que concientizan sobre connotaciones especificamente ligadas al contexto cultural

Traditional beliefs and practices related to childhood diarrhoeal disease in a high-density suburb of Maputo

A study of beliefs and practices relating to childhood diarrhoea; relying both on traditional healers as informants and mothers as survey respondents in a high-density suburb of Maputo; revealed an indigenous classification of childhood diarrhoea into four main types. Results of the interviews show that the more serious types of diarrhoeal disorder are not seen as infectious diseases. Instead; they are placed within the framework of the hot-cold dichotomy: one type of diarrhoea is believed to be caused by invasion of the body by hot air; whereas two other categories are regarded as stemming from the heat of ritual pollution associated with death and morally unsanctioned behaviour. Ritual disorders are ritually dealt with recourse to symbolic medicines. The study suggests that health education campaigns need to incorporate illnesses recognized by traditional medicine; while research is needed more into indigenous systems of symbolic logic than into medicinal plants if oral rehydration is to be improved